Program
A program is a series of statements executed by a computer one after another to solve a problem. Every program has three phases : the input phase, the calculation phase, and the output phase.
In the input phase, a program gathers information it needs to solve the problem. If the program were meant to calculate the average grades of a group of students, it would collect the actual grades of each student during this phase.
In the calculation (or processing) phase a program performs calculations that it needs to do in order to solve the problem. Continuing with the example above, in this phase, the computer would perform calculations to come up with the average grades.
In the output phase a program gives back the processed data as information.
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